The main differences between power batteries and energy storage batteries are: different battery capacity, different application scenarios, different battery management system BMS, different types of cells used, and different performance and design.
Power battery, mainly for driving tools, rotating motor to provide power, the main use in electric vehicles, electric trains, electric logistics vehicles, electric two-wheelers, tricycles, four-wheelers, golf carts, electric transfer loading vehicles, electric boats, unmanned power tools, such as drones, lawn mowers, electric toy cars, unmanned electric transfer vehicles.
Energy storage batteries are mainly used in solar power generation equipment and wind power generation equipment power stations, communication base stations, household energy storage, portable power supplies, etc., as well as renewable energy storage energy batteries.
Power batteries are limited by the volume and weight of the car, start acceleration, and occasionally provide large current for climbing, so they have higher performance requirements than energy storage batteries, pay more attention to charge and discharge power, etc., require fast charging rate, high output power and impact resistance, especially high safety and high energy density, achieve long-lasting endurance, and lightweight requirements in weight and volume. From the perspective of battery materials, it is necessary to consider the lithium storage performance of positive and negative electrode materials and the related properties of electrolyte and separator.
The energy storage battery device does not need to move, and the power and density are required differently in different energy storage scenarios. The weight and volume are generally not too high. The preparation of energy storage batteries emphasizes battery capacity, especially operational stability and service life. The consistency of the battery module should be considered more. In terms of battery materials, in order to pursue the long life and low cost of the entire energy storage equipment, it is necessary to pay attention to the expansion rate, energy density, performance uniformity and other aspects of the electrode material.
The focus on battery performance is different, and the performance and design are also different. Energy storage batteries mainly store electrical energy, and do not fluctuate as large as power batteries when supplying power to the outside world. Energy storage batteries can be regarded as relatively stable output, generally small discharge current and long discharge time.
Energy storage batteries can be used in power peak shaving, off-grid photovoltaic energy storage or peak-valley price difference energy storage scenarios on the user side, generally requiring continuous charging or continuous discharge of energy storage batteries for more than two hours. Therefore, it is suitable for using capacity batteries with a charge and discharge rate of ≤ 0.5C; for energy storage scenarios with power frequency regulation or smooth renewable energy fluctuations, energy storage batteries need to be quickly charged and discharged in a time period of seconds to minutes, so it is suitable for the application of ≥ 2C power batteries; and in some application scenarios that need to undertake both frequency regulation and peak shaving, energy batteries will be more suitable, of course, power types and capacity batteries can also be used in this scenario.